Plain-language introduction
The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 sets out the values of our democracy, the structure of government, and the rights that belong to people who live in the country. Because it is the supreme law, any law or conduct inconsistent with it is invalid.
Key legal provisions
- Section 1 — founding values: human dignity, equality, non-racialism and non-sexism, supremacy of the Constitution and the rule of law.
- Section 2 — the Constitution is supreme; law or conduct inconsistent with it is invalid.
- Chapter 2 — the Bill of Rights, which binds the State and, in some cases, private persons.
- Section 36 — the limitation clause: rights may be limited only by law of general application that is reasonable and justifiable.
- Chapter 8 — the courts, with the Constitutional Court as the highest court on constitutional matters.
Practical explanation
The Constitution protects you by guaranteeing rights (such as equality, dignity, freedom of expression, just administrative action and access to information), and by requiring government to act lawfully, reasonably and transparently. If the State or a law violates a right, a court can be asked to declare it invalid.
How SACR helps
- Explains constitutional rights and processes in plain language.
- Helps citizens understand how the Constitution applies to real issues.
- Prepares and lodges public submissions grounded in constitutional principles.
Official resources
- Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (gov.za).
- The Constitutional Court of South Africa (concourt.org.za).
- South African Human Rights Commission (sahrc.org.za).
Related SACR submissions & articles
This information is provided for public education and general guidance. It does not constitute legal advice. Legal requirements and public-participation processes may change, and users should consult the relevant official institution or obtain professional advice where necessary.
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